Research progress on property and application of theaflavins

Theaflavins is a group of very important material from black tea with functions as antioxidant, cancer suppressor and inhibitor of pathogenic microorgnisms. A discription is given on the property, chemical structure and application of theaflavin in this paper. The present research situation of theaflavins both in China and abroad is also reviewed.Keywords: Theaflavins, property, applicatio

On the mod pp cohomology for GL2\mathrm{GL}_2: the non-semisimple case

Let $F$ be a totally real field unramified at all places above $p$ and $D$ be a quaternion algebra which splits at either none, or exactly one, of the infinite places. Let $\overline{r}:\mathrm{Gal}(\overline{F}/F)\rightarrow \mathrm{GL}_2(\overline{\mathbb{F}}_p)$ be a continuous irreducible representation which, when restricted to a fixed place $v|p$, is non-semisimple and sufficiently generic. Under some mild assumptions, we prove that the admissible smooth representations of $\mathrm{GL}_2(F_v)$ occurring in the corresponding Hecke eigenspaces of the mod $p$ cohomology of Shimura varieties associated to $D$ have Gelfand-Kirillov dimension $[F_v:\mathbb{Q}_p]$. We also prove that any such representation can be generated as a $\mathrm{GL}_2(F_v)$-representation by its subspace of invariants under the first principal congruence subgroup. If moreover $[F_v:\mathbb{Q}_p]=2$, we prove that such representations have length $3$, confirming a speculation of Breuil and Pa\v{s}k\=unas.Comment: Comments welcome

Molecular cytogenetic analyses of Epinephelus bruneus and Epinephelus moara (Perciformes, Epinephelidae)

Genus Epinephelus (Perciformes, Epinephelidae), commonly known as groupers, are usually difficult in species identification for the lack and/or change of morphological specialization. In this study, molecular cytogenetic analyses were firstly performed to identify the closely related species Epinephelus bruneus and E. moara in this genus. The species-specific differences of both fish species showed in karyotype, chromosomal distribution of nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) and localization of 18S rDNA. The heterochromatin (interstitial C-bands) and distribution pattern of telomere (TTAGGG)n in E. bruneus revealed the chromosomal rearrangements and different karyotypic evolutionary characteristics compared to those in E. moara. The cytogenetic data suggested that the lineages of E. bruneus and E. moara were recently derived within the genus Epinephelus, and E. moara exhibited more plesiomorphic features than E. bruneus. All results confirmed that E. moara, which has long been considered a synonym of E. bruneus, is a distinct species in the family Epinephelidae. In addition, molecular cytogenetic analyses are useful in species differentiation and phylogenetic reconstruction in groupers

[OIII] 5007A Emission Line Width as a Surrogate for stellar dispersion in Type 1 AGNs?

We present a study of the relation between the [OIII] 5007A emission line width (sigma_{[OIII]}) and stellar velocity dispersion (sigma_{*}), utilizing a sample of 740 type 1 active galactic nuclei (AGNs) with high-quality spectra at redshift z < 1.0. We find the broad correlation between the core component of [OIII] emission line width (sigma_{[OIII,core]}) and sigma_{*} with a scatter of 0.11~dex for the low redshift (z < 0.1) sample; for redshift (0.3 < z < 1.0) AGNs, the scatter is larger, being 0.16~dex. We also find that the Eddington ratio (L_{bol}/L_{Edd}) may play an important role in the discrepancies between sigma_{[OIII,core]} and sigma_{*}. As the L_{bol}/L_{Edd} increases, sigma_{[OIII,core]} tends to be larger than sigma_{*}. By classifying our local sample with different minor-to-major axis ratios, we find that sigma_{*} is larger than sigma_{[OIII,core]} for those edge-on spiral galaxies. In addition, we also find that the effects of outflow strength properties such as maximum outflow velocity (V_{max}) and the broader component of [OIII] emission line width and line shift (sigma_{[OIII,out]} and V_{[OIII,out]}) may play a major role in the discrepancies between sigma_{[OIII,core]} and sigma_{*}. The discrepancies between sigma_{[OIII,core]} and sigma_{*} are larger when V_{max}, V_{[OIII,out]}, and sigma_{[OIII,out]} increase. Our results show that the outflow strengths may have significant effects on the differences between narrow-line region gas and stellar kinematics in AGNs. We suggest that caution should be taken when using sigma_{[OIII,core]} as a surrogate for sigma_{*}. In addition, the substitute of sigma_{[OIII,core]} for sigma_{*} could be used only for low luminosity AGNs.Comment: 17 pages, Accepted for publication in Ap

Modeling and experiments of rotor system with oil-block inside its drum cavity

A few volume of lubricate oil leaking inside the cavity of the rotating drum can cause severe vibrations, which have been observed on-site at aero-engine compressors. This paper proposes a modeling method for the rotor system which is excited by the oil-block. Firstly, the differential equations of the lumped dynamic system of a representative rotor system with a congregated oil-block inside the drum are deduced, in which the external excitation force caused by oil-block is modeled equivalently by both inertial force and sliding frictional force. Then, numerical simulations are carried out to demonstrate the transverse vibration behaviors of the rotor system and both rotating speeds and mass of the oil-block are taken into account. The obtained nonsynchronous whirling vibrations of the rotor system caused by the oil-block are validated by experimental measurements of transverse vibrations of the shaft on a rotor test rig. The results show that, when the rotating speed runs up to the first critical speed, the oil-block will slide along the inner wall of the drum and keep on rotating with the drum delayed in a slowly changing phase angle, and the amplitudes and frequency spectra of the nonsynchronous whirling vibrations of the shaft are found to be sensitive to the oil mass and viscous damping coefficients of the system